Somebody on the R-help mailing list asked how to get Rmpi working on his Fedora Linux machine so he could do high-performance computing on a cluster of machines (or a single multicore machine) using the R statistical computing and analysis platform. Since it is unusually painful to get working, I might as well copy the instructions here.

1. Install Open MPI on Fedora Core

First install the openmpi libraries using:

yum install openmpi openmpi-devel openmpi-libs

The default installation on Fedora still doesn’t quite work, so you need to execute the following command as root (only once is required, after installation of the package):

ldconfig /usr/lib64/openmpi/lib/

You are not quite done: for R to work right with the libraries, you need to modify the LD\_LIBRARY\_PATH environment variable to include the path to the Open MPI libraries. I have the following in my ~/.bash_profile:

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH="${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}${LD_LIBRARY_PATH:+:}/usr/lib64/openmpi/lib/"

Edit your file to contain the same, and execute that line at the command prompt and you are ready to continue.

2. Install the Rmpi package for R

Now that your Open MPI libraries are set up, and what you do next depends on what version of Rmpi you are installing. Most likely you are installing the latest version in which case the following section applies. The instructions for older versions are retained in a later section for reference.

2.1. Current versions of the Rmpi package

Make sure you have executed the ldconfig command and set the LD\_LIBRARY\_PATH environment variables as described in the previous section before you continue.

Since at least version 0.5-8 of the Rmpi library you can install it from the R command line after you have fixed the Open MPI install. At the R prompt do:

install.packages("Rmpi",
                 configure.args =
                 c("--with-Rmpi-include=/usr/include/openmpi-x86_64/",
                   "--with-Rmpi-libpath=/usr/lib64/openmpi/lib/",
                   "--with-Rmpi-type=OPENMPI"))

It should work and install OK. This is obviously quite a mouthful to remember, but help is at hand through the options() mechanism in R. In your ~/.Rprofile you can add something like:

local({
    my.configure.args <-
        list("Rmpi" =
             c("--with-Rmpi-include=/usr/include/openmpi-x86_64/",
               "--with-Rmpi-libpath=/usr/lib64/openmpi/lib/",
               "--with-Rmpi-type=OPENMPI"),
             ## Not needed for Rmpi but shown to illustrate the format
             "ncdf" =
             c("-with-netcdf_incdir=/usr/include/netcdf",
               "-with-netcdf_libdir=/usr/lib64/")
             );
    options("configure.args" = my.configure.args)
})

Then you can just type install.packages("Rmpi") at the R command prompt to install the package.

2.2. Older versions of the Rmpi package

The problem is the configuration file configure.ac which is, unfortunately, completely brain-damaged with hard-coded assumptions about which subdirectories should contain header and library files and no way of overriding it.

Download the latest Rmpi package from CRAN and unpack it using tar zxvf Rmpi\_0.5-7.tar.gz. Go to the new Rmpi directory and replace the file configure.ac with the one below (for a x86_64 system; for 32 bit you probably need to change -64 to -32):

Process this file with autoconf to produce a configure script.

AC_INIT(DESCRIPTION)

AC_PROG_CC

MPI_LIBS=`pkg-config --libs openmpi-1.3.1-gcc-64`
MPI_INCLUDE=`pkg-config --cflags openmpi-1.3.1-gcc-64`
MPITYPE="OPENMPI"
MPI_DEPS="-DMPI2"

AC_CHECK_LIB(util, openpty, [ MPI_LIBS="$MPI_LIBS -lutil" ])
AC_CHECK_LIB(pthread, main, [ MPI_LIBS="$MPI_LIBS -lpthread" ])

PKG_LIBS="${MPI_LIBS} -fPIC"
PKG_CPPFLAGS="${MPI_INCLUDE} ${MPI_DEPS} -D${MPITYPE} -fPIC"

AC_SUBST(PKG_LIBS)
AC_SUBST(PKG_CPPFLAGS)
AC_SUBST(DEFS)

AC_OUTPUT(src/Makevars) 

The number 1.3.1 may change in future releases of Fedora: see /usr/lib64/pkgconfig/openmpi-*.pc for the current value.

Still in the Rmpi directory do the following in your shell:

autoconf
cd ..
tar zcvf Rmpi_0.5-7-F11.tar.gz Rmpi
R CMD INSTALL Rmpi_0.5-7-F11.tar.gz 

3. Test it

Now Rmpi should be working in R:

> library("Rmpi")
> mpi.spawn.Rslaves(nslaves=2)
    2 slaves are spawned successfully. 0 failed.
master (rank 0, comm 1) of size 3 is running on: server
slave1 (rank 1, comm 1) of size 3 is running on: server
slave2 (rank 2, comm 1) of size 3 is running on: server
> x <- c(10,20)
> mpi.apply(x,runif)
[[1]]
 [1] 0.25142616 0.93505554 0.03162852 0.71783194 0.35916139 0.85082154
 [7] 0.35404191 0.14221315 0.60063773 0.71805190

[[2]]
 [1] 0.84157864 0.63481773 0.38217188 0.67839089 0.27827728 0.35429266
 [7] 0.04898744 0.96601584 0.25687905 0.77381186 0.69011927 0.37391028
[13] 0.19017369 0.51196594 0.51970563 0.15791524 0.21358237 0.69642478
[19] 0.12690207 0.44177656